Exactly what is Explosive Welding Plates?

Composite Plate, that is, the metal composite plate produced by the explosive welding method (explosion welding method), explosive welding plate generally means the explosion of the metal composite plate. An explosive welding composite plate is a kind of composite material plate manufactured by using explosive forming technology, and its manufacturing process involves multiple steps such as explosive forming, metal composite, and surface treatment.

Metal explosive welding technology is really a composite material processing technology that utilizes the huge energy generated by the instantaneous generation of explosives to instantly composite 2 or more kinds of similar or dissimilar materials together, which technology can weld alloys with different properties, especially those that are not dissolved, into one piece.

Compared with the direct rolling composite method:

(1) loading speed, that is, the loading process is instantaneous ;

(2) Placed on the workpiece high-pressure pulse load, loading stress is much higher than the yield strength of the metal material;

(3) The bonding area shows wave-like metallurgical bonding characteristics;

Explosive welding composite plate history
Explosive composite discovery is definitely the earliest in 1944, the American L.R. Karl (Carl) in a dynamite explosion test, accidentally found two pieces of 1-inch diameter, thickness of .035 inches of thin brass discs, due to the sudden impact of the explosion and was welded together. In fact, in World War II, individuals the repair of wounded tanks, but also often discovered that tilted impact to the tank around the shrapnel will be firmly welded to the tank armor phenomenon, just throughout the war people have virtually no time to analyze it.

In 1947, the Siberian branch of the Soviet Academy of Sciences, the famous scientists M.A. Lavrentsev in the study of polymer bombs to penetrate the armor also found this phenomenon, within his dissertation formally known as “explosive welding”.

In the area of welding, the welding of various materials, such as steel and aluminum, steel and copper, is technically very difficult. And huge welding depth of welding is also very difficult, if you want to use conventional welding, shielding welding and other welding methods will be two 40mm thick wide plate welded into a 80mm thick wide plate, it is estimated that no one will do. However, the explosive welding is ideal to solve the two problems at the same time.

Explosive welding composite plate principle production method
Explosive welding is really a composite plate manufacturing method that combines one or even more materials into a single piece using explosives because the energy source. Following the explosion of explosives, the blast products form a high-pressure pulse load, directly working on the compound plate, promoting the top-speed movement of the compound plate, in the collision point of the compound plate as well as the substrate tilt collision, accompanied by violent plastic deformation as well as the formation of the jet, the jet takes away the surface of the contamination layer, so that the welded metal flat plate having a clean surface in contact with one another at high temperatures and high pressures, the 2 kinds of plate will realize the strong metallurgical bonding.

Explosive welding composite plate-specific production methods:

1. Explosion molding
Explosion molding is the first step in the creation of explosive welding composite plates. In the explosion forming process, explosives in some conditions instantly detonated, the resulting high-pressure gas will be pushed to the opposite side of the metal plate mold, so that the metal plate instantly to get the desired shape and size. This forming technique is described as high precision and high efficiency.

2. Metal composite
In the explosion molding, the need for metal composite. This task is generally used in explosion welding or explosion crimping and other methods, 2 or more metal plates with the explosion energy combined together to create a composite material. Throughout the metal composite process, a metallurgical reaction occurs between different metals, forming a strong metallurgical bond.

3.Surface treatment
Surface treatment is usually needed to improve the surface quality and corrosion resistance of the explosive welding plate. Widely used surface treatment methods include spraying, plating, chemical plating and so forth. These techniques can increase the wear resistance, corrosion resistance and aesthetics of the composite plate.

Explosive welding composite plate production process, although simple, flexible production, however the technical requirements are high, hard to accurately control, the parent material properties (toughness, impact properties, etc.), explosives properties (bursting speed stability, safety, etc.), the first parameters (the quantity of explosives per unit area, the base compound plate spacing, etc.) as well as the dynamic parameters (collision angle, the compound plate collision speed, etc.) of the choice and system coordination of the composite plate of the finished product yield and quality features a direct impact.

The composite interface consists of direct bonding area, melting layer and vortex. Atomic diffusion exists in the bonding interface, and severe plastic deformation with work hardening happens in the bonding zone. The bonding surface features a wavy structure, that is beneficial to the improvement of bonding strength and tensile strength.

Explosive welding plate performance
Explosive welding explosive welding plate is not going to alter the chemical composition and physical state of the original material, based on the actual needs of the composite material to become individually processed in to the required optimal state.

Explosive welding plate application performance is very good, can withstand cold, hot processing without changing the thickness of the combination of materials compared to the combination of composite materials is very high strength, usually higher than the lower side of the combination of materials, that is unattainable by other technologies. The composite material is not going to delaminate or crack during subsequent heat treatment, leveling, cutting, rolling, spinning and other production.

For room temperature and 550 ? heat treatment of carbon steel surface layer (near the interface layer) has serious deformation caused by fibrous tissue and several fine particles, the center of the organization of ferrite plus pearlite; stainless steel interface for the second phase of point-like organization, the center of the needle-like organization. But by 650 ? treatment of carbon steel samples near the interface area of small particles of the organization disappeared (that may occur decarburization), the grain becomes coarse, the center of the organization continues to be ferrite plus pearlite, but could not seen in the business of the slip line produced by deformation; and in the stainless steel interface you will find a large number of small black particles, titanium steel composite plate may be the decarburization of chromium carbide particles formed after the advantages of the fabric into a whole, giving full play to the usage of different metal materials, and greatly save rare and rare materials, and the usage of different metal materials. The use of performance greatly saves rare metal materials, thus reducing the production price of equipment.

Weak demand and oversupply in Asia have pushed steelmakers in the area to develop supplies of low-carbon steel and iron, especially because the Jan. 31 reporting deadline for the European Union’s Carbon Boundary Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) draws nearer, market participants said.

The situation is further complicated because other Western countries, namely the U.S., are looking to introduce similar policies.

A Singaporean trader said, “Asian steel producers have not slowed down production and are looking to increase output, so we expect capacity additions to outpace demand growth, especially in the post-epidemic recovery period.” . “…… Products need to go somewhere. Producers can export to Europe, but that means they have to offer low-carbon products at competitive prices.”

Asia’s way to decarbonization has seen a number of breakthroughs, particularly as policymakers have committed to various climate targets and worked with public and private stakeholders to build up low-carbon technologies.

These investments have enabled steelmakers to discover commercially viable technologies and reliable causes of clean energy, namely direct decrease in iron from scrap or gas, or shifting to electric arc furnace steelmaking, that features a lower carbon intensity compared to blast furnaces.

Paolo Frediani, senior analyst at Fastmarkets, said the market is reacting to the steadily growing demand for green steel, given the quantity of pipeline investment.

“CBAM will certainly provide a major boost [in developing a green steel supply chain], but regardless of the advanced regulating steel emissions in Europe, the green steel premium is essentially supported because increasingly more end-users are trying to reduce their overall carbon footprint,” says Frediani. “While this drive is stronger in some regions than others, it is becoming a global phenomenon.”

Explosive composite explosion welding advantages
Explosive composite this new process, new technology in a short period of time to acquire rapid development and wide application, the primary reason is that it has the following four advantages:

(1) A variety of composite materials could be combined it will make the melting point, strength, coefficient of thermal expansion and other performance differences are incredibly disparate metal combinations to accomplish composite. Like aluminum – steel, titanium – steel. At present has realized the composite material combination of more than 300 kinds, that is incomparable with other methods.

(2) Excellent material properties
Composite plate of the general design principle would be to satisfy the mechanical properties of the structure of the base material, compound plate to satisfy the corrosion or wear resistance and other properties. Therefore, compared with just one metal plate, the composite plate makes full use of the best performance of the substrate, as well as the compound plate not just has the required high strength but also has excellent corrosion resistance, wear resistance, and other properties of high production efficiency.

(3) High production efficiency/high bond strength.
Explosive composite in a really short period of time, and may be welded over a large area, a place as high as 20 square meters or even more, in the composite interface, dissimilar metals with the metal bond to accomplish inter-atomic bonding is generally not under the minimum of the effectiveness of the composite material constituting the respective parent body.

(4) Good economy
The use of explosion welding technology to produce composite plate products have both the corrosion resistance of the compound layer and other functional characteristics and both the effectiveness of the grass-roots level and plastic toughness indicators, it can save you precious metal resources, reduce costs.

Application of explosive welding plate
Composite materials produced by the explosive welding method has been widely used in petroleum, chemical, shipbuilding, electronics, electric power, metallurgy, machinery, aerospace, atomic energy and other industrial fields. The composite plate is carbon steel being a substrate, single-sided or multi-faceted with precious metals being a double layer of high-efficiency energy-saving new composite materials, composite by explosion welding of special processing technology, both using the corrosion resistance of precious metals, wear resistance, but also with carbon steel, good weldability, molding, extensibility, thermal conductivity; explosive welding plate is now widely used in the petrochemical industry, metallurgy, salt production and alkali production, the water industry, Nuclear industry.

Shipbuilding
In shipbuilding, explosive welding plates may be used to manufacture hull structures, decks, bulkheads, etc. Because of its high strength and good corrosion resistance, the explosive welding plate can effectively improve the durability and service life of the ship.

Aerospace
In the aerospace field, explosive welding composite plates may be used to manufacture airplane fuselage, wings, engine parts, etc. Because of its good thermal stability and high strength, explosive welding composite plate can improve the performance and safety of aircraft.

Construction Industry
In the construction industry, explosive welding composite plates may be used to manufacture structural parts for bridges, high-rise buildings, highways, and so forth. Because of its high strength and good corrosion resistance, explosive welding composite plate can improve the safety and service life of buildings.

Automobile manufacturing
In automobile manufacturing, explosive welding composite plates may be used to manufacture body structural parts, engine parts, and so forth. Because of its lightweight, high strength, and good thermal stability, the explosive welding plate can improve the performance and safety of automobiles.

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